Saudi Arabia Ancient Traditions, Desert, and the Red Sea

The Kingdom of Saudi Arabia has opened its doors to international tourism.

The second part of its name comes from the Saud dynasty, the nation’s founders. The region is often referred to as the Cradle of Humanity, as it was one of the first fifteen areas on the planet where human society was organized.

Fascinating, spiritual, and mysterious, Saudi Arabia captivates travelers with its immense deserts — the birthplace of the Arabic language and the Islamic religion — and its cities surrounded by an aura of holiness, such as Mecca and Medina. The discovery of oil then led to the development of modern and prosperous metropolises, in striking contrast with the traditional impenetrability of Arab society.

Saudi Arabia has always been the symbolic homeland of Islam, as it was here that the Prophet Muhammad, in the 7th century A.D., received the Qur’anic revelation. This is no surprise, given the country’s very geography and landscape — vast deserts and towering mountains — which naturally lend themselves to meditation and spiritual retreat.

Entering the Kingdom is quite simple: the visa can be obtained online in just a few minutes. However, visitors must observe strict codes of conduct and modesty: public displays of affection should be avoided, clothing must be modest and not revealing, alcoholic beverages are prohibited, music should not be played during prayer times, and when taking photos, it is important to always ask for permission before photographing people.

Rules aside, this is a country of incomparable beauty, undergoing impressive economic growth, where tradition and modernity coexist — between sacred sites, historical landmarks, and shining skyscrapers.

To begin your journey, you must absolutely visit the Nabataean ruins of Mada’in Saleh (Hegra) in the AlUla region, along the ancient Incense Route. It is the first UNESCO World Heritage Site in Saudi Arabia — a “second Petra” that rivals the original: rock-carved fortresses, sandstone ruins, and over 130 tombs dot this desert landscape. A true treasure not too hidden, as the site lies only a three-hour drive from Medina.

If you want to experience emotions straight out of Lawrence of Arabia, take a trip on the historic train running along the Hijaz Railway (which once connected Medina to Damascus). If you are a romantic at heart, enjoy the breathtaking scenery and atmosphere from a hot-air balloon.

Don’t miss an adventure between scorching sands and blue skies in the Arabian Desert, stopping at Al-Ahsa Oasis, the largest and most fertile in the world — a lush green patch of palm trees in the heart of the boundless desert.

You should also explore the coasts of the Persian Gulf and the Red Sea, where Jeddah, known as the “Paris of Arabia,” stands out. This modern metropolis is rich in historical and contemporary architecture, museums, artisan shops, and long sandy beaches — an exceptional mix full of surprises. Start by strolling through the charming Al-Balad district, the very soul and spirit of Jeddah, then continue along its 30-kilometer Corniche, a mosaic of beaches, restaurants, cafés, and luxurious resorts.

Jeddah is also stepping into the international tourism spotlight, climbing the ranks alongside Dubai. The city is awaiting the completion of the Jeddah Tower, which will become the tallest skyscraper in the world. But that’s not its only record: Jeddah is also home to the King Fahd Fountain, another world record. A true symbol of the Kingdom’s modern face, this massive fountain rises directly from the Red Sea, shooting the highest water jet in the world. Also worth visiting are its beautiful mosques, such as the Abdul Raouf Khalil Mosque, which also serves as a museum, and the famous Floating Mosque of Al Rahma.

Now all that remains is to discover the countless other attractions Saudi Arabia has to offer travelers.